Socioeconomic And Social Class And Health - 1489 Words

This essay will discuss ways in which a person’s socioeconomic class and his/her social situation can have an impact on his/her health, using examples. We believe that there is a direct link between socioeconomic/social class and health (Adler et al. 1994). I will be defining the key terms: socioeconomic and health, social class then proceed to discuss about how poverty, income, employability, environment and housing can impact on a person’s social situation and their health. Socioeconomic status is a term used to weigh up a person’s/family social and economic standing. This status is determined by factors such as income, education, occupation and social environment (Leary, 2007). A person’s socioeconomic status can fluctuate over time depending on the person improving their life choices or by making poor life choices. The World Health Organisation defined health: â€Å"State of complete physical and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity† (WHO, 1946 p.100). Many factors influence health such as family traits, behaviours, access to quality healthcare and environment (quality of air, bad/good water and housing conditions) (WHO, 1946). The holistic view of health combines the mind (mental), body (physical), emotional and spiritual elements to a person (Ewes Simnett, 2003). British society is split into hierarchical categories with â€Å"higher† â€Å"middle† and â€Å"lower working† class. The British class structure is shaped like a pyramid cut into threeShow MoreRelatedSocial Class And Its Effects On Health1336 Words   |  6 PagesAll over the world status hierarchy and social class are a common concept of how well we live our lives, however they affect our lives more than we think. Social class can affect many things such as education, opportunities presented to us, economic factors, and even our health. Recently socioeconomic status effects on health has become a more popular topic of discussion but is nothing new to researchers. â€Å"Research on socioeconomic inequalities in health in the UK has a long history. In the earlyRead MoreSocioeconomic Inequality Of The United States882 Words   |  4 PagesThose who live in poverty experience worse health care, education, social status, and wages than the upper class. I believe socioeconomic status serves a large role in whether an individual is likely to experience poor health. Policies that increase unemployment insurance or allocate for equal distribution of wealth and opportunity are viable solutions to socioeconomic inequality (Babones 2010:141). The social conflict theory best explains the socioeconomic inequality in the United States and helpsRead MoreThe Top On America Isn t Just Better, It s Longer News Article764 Words   |  4 Pagesindividual’s socioeconomic status. As we have learned and discussed in Chapter three of the text, socioeconomic status (or social class) is an individual’s or group’s standing within a ranked social structure. This socioeconomic status is typically determined by three main variables such as income, occupational prestige, and education. Different models of the social class ladder exist. The five-class model used in the United States is as follows: upper class, upper-middle class, lower-middle cl ass, workingRead MoreThe Social Determinants Of Health And Health898 Words   |  4 PagesMental health outcomes vary differently by socioeconomic location for women and men. It is important to critically analyze the various social locations that low-income women living with mental health concerns are currently occupying. These women are occupying these social locations because of the structural inequities that they encounter in relation to their experiences with the social determinants of health. Explanatory frameworks are used to illustrate the relationship between the social determinantsRead MoreEffects Of Low Socioeconomic Status On Mental Health1440 Words   |  6 Pageslinked socioeconomic status to mental health, especially in children and adolescents. Low poverty levels have been specifically identified as a key causal factor in developing mental health problems in children. There has been much discussion over the different theories as to why this is the case, but only two of these theories seem to hold a lot of evidence. Certain interventions and preventative measures can be employed in order to improve an individual’s mental health by altering socioeconomic statusRead MoreThe Conflict And Functionalist Theories Behind Social Class1496 Words   |  6 Pagesmaterializes the upper class, vulgarizes our middle class, brutalizes our lower class. In Australia, social class is a widely recognised concept, however some individuals, particularly the wealthy people, will argue that social class in non existent, that with hard work anyone can achieve, what they set their mind onto. The social stratification system, is based on objective criteria, including wealth, power, and prestige. The Australian notion of equal opportunity, insinuates that social class does not affectRead MoreSocial Inequality1011 Words   |  5 PagesSection I - Dimensions of Social Inequality Begin by identifying yourself on the dimensions commonly associated with social inequalities: social class (income, wealth, (current and intended) education level, occupational prestige (associated with current or planned career), race, ethnicity, and gender. In addition, you might also identify yourself on dimensions associated with less traditional inequalities, such as national origin,, sexual identity or preference, age, weight, able-bodiedness, andRead More The Effect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health824 Words   |  4 PagesEffect of Social Organization on Everyday Life and Health Most people do not think about their health or issues revolving around their health until they are actually ill or people think that their health is only affected by biological factors. However, our health should be a focus in our lives because our daily life has an affect on our health. Illness does not only have biological causes but is also influenced by social factors such as the socially imposed roles of gender and socioeconomic differencesRead MoreDrug Addiction And Socioeconomic Status1467 Words   |  6 Pages Drug Addiction and Socioeconomic Status Noah Rewis Desert Vista High School Author’s Note This literature review was written for Mrs. Boggs Advanced Composition class Abstract Drug addiction has historically been associated with impoverished minorities. However, in recent years, drug addiction has spiked amongst the suburban middle class. While this is obviously an issue, the reasons behind drug addiction are still not entirely unclear, making responding to addiction crises difficultRead MoreRace, Class, and the Social Determinants of Health629 Words   |  3 Pagesreasons, it is easier for the monied classes to access quality health care when needed and, in general, lead healthier lifestyles. People of higher socioeconomic groups have been shown to live longer (Scrambler, 2012). Beginning with higher infant mortality rates, lower socioeconomic groups often face a lifetime of challenges to good health and longevity. David and Messer (2011) reported on a study by the National Institutes of Health that revealed the rate of infant mortality among African American

Walmart Accounting Analysis - 2208 Words

Accounting Analysis The purpose of this section is to evaluate the degree to which Wal-Mart’s accounting captures its true business practices. Specifically, this section will examine places where Wal-Mart has accounting flexibility. Additionally, this section will evaluate the appropriateness of Wal-Mart’s accounting policies and estimating techniques. Together, these provide an indication of the credibility behind Wal-Mart’s numbers. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal†¦show more content†¦After much analysis of Wal-Mart’s annual report, it was found that the company uses a financial measure, free cash flow, which is considered a non-GAAP financial measure under the SEC’s rules. Free cash flow measures the ability to generate additional cash from business operations and therefore is believed to be an important financial measure to evaluate the business’ financial performance. As stated in the MDA section of Wal-Mart’s annual report, â€Å"Free cash flow should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, income from continuing operations as a measure of our performance and net cas h provided by operating activities as a measure of our liquidity.† There are several methods in calculating a company’s free cash flow; Wal-Mart views this measure as supplemental information to the firm’s entire statement of cash flows. I feel as though the choice to use the measure of free cash flow may seem deceiving and perhaps mislead readers of Wal-Mart’s annual report. Wal-Mart’s free cash flow does not represent the actual cash available because the measure does not deduct the payments for debt and other contractual obligations or payments made for business acquisitions Assess Accounting Flexibility Accounting Flexibility: high level Summary of Critical Accounting Policies Management strives to report the financial results of the company in a clear and understandable manner, although in some casesShow MoreRelatedAcc 205 Final Paper1538 Words   |  7 PagesWalmart Corporation (Financial Overview) William Jones ACC205: Principles of Accounting Instructor: Emmett Denham Date: 2/09/2015 While inaccurate accounting can cause misleading information about the company, every successful company should develop an income statement and balance sheet when monitoring financial growth. Also, formulating a horizontal and ratio analysis creates an accurate trend of the company spending behavior and debt-to-ratio venerability. A balance sheet can be consideredRead MoreWalmart. Background:. Walmart Is A Retail Corporation That1567 Words   |  7 Pages Walmart Background: Walmart is a retail corporation that has multiple departments in each of its stores around North America. The departments range from clothing, to grocery, to electronics, to many other departments in a Walmart store that will fit a customer’s needs. Walmart is founded in 1962, by Sam Walton, who opened the first Walmart store in Rogers, Arkansas. The Walmart headquarters is in Bentonville, Arkansas. Sam Walton was born in 1918 in Kingfisher, Oklahoma. In 1950, Walton movedRead MoreWalmart s Liquidity Ratios Is A Positive And Steady Projection Of The Ratio Values Essay877 Words   |  4 Pagesthus, the company is placed fairly to support its operational activities. The asset turnover percentage remains steady at 2 % meaning that fewer assets are not properly managed, the company is able to support its day-to-day activities (Stock, 2014). Walmart has enough assets within the company to reach that can be used to take care of the immediate financial obligations (Stock, 2014). The debt ratio of the company is set below the 5 % mark for a substantial period of time. This means that the companyRead MoreInventory Accounting at Wal Mart Stores.1015 Words   |  5 Pagesnumber of Wal-Mart stores increased and the number of Sams stores increased. WalMart utilized an extensive distribution and tracking system to maintain optimal inventories at each store. They use the retail last-in, first-out (LIFO) inventory accounting method for the Wal-Mart Stores segment, cost LIFO for the SAMS CLUB segment. For both financial reporting and tax purposes, Wal Mart used the accrual method of accounting and maintained a perpetual inventory system. Under the perpetual inventory systemRead MoreAmerican Corporation Analysis1389 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Corporation Analysis The purpose of this paper is for Team C to select an American Corporation to conduct a financial analysis. Team C has selected Walmart to conduct a comparative and ratio analysis to measure the company’s profitability and liquidity. Team C will use the following profitability ratios: earning per share, price earnings ratio, return on assets ratio, gross profit rate, asset turnover ratio, payout ratio and return on common stockholders’ equity ratio to analyze Walmart’sRead MoreThe Lack Of Promotion For College Students Essay1275 Words   |  6 Pagescategorized as brand loyalty. However, college students in Athens are more likely to purchase at AFM’s competitors (Walmart, Kroger) due to AFM’s fewer opening hours and distance. But Deighton et al. (1994) indicates that advertising can have effective influences on brand switching, which would apply to AFM as students start to purchase products at AFM instead of Walmart repeatedly. Further, Walmart (or Kroger) as one of the largest supermarkets in the retail industry can compete and restrict the customerRead MoreTarget Financial Analysis Paper913 Words   |  4 PagesWhat percent of the total assets were these capital investments? A calculation is used to assess Target and Walmart efficiency that allocating the capital under its control to profitable investments. The return on invested capital gives a sense of how well a company is using their money to generate returns. However, Target sales increased to 4% in 2015 to 2016 but then declined significantly in 2016 to 2017. Target earnings from continuing operations before interest expense and income taxes increasedRead MoreWalmart Business Model Canvas Project1673 Words   |  7 Pageschose Walmart as the company to focus on for our business model canvas project. Considering that Walmart is the world’s largest retailer, as well as largest private employer, there is a plethora of information on this mammoth company. Sam Walton, Walmart’s founder, had a simple and noble vision for his stores; he said, â€Å"[We wanted to] reduce the cost of living for the people who shopped in our stores† (Soderquist, 2016). To this end, he created the big bo x retail format that we see in Walmart and otherRead MoreWalmart s More Recent Activity1083 Words   |  5 Pagesaffordable food† (Torres, Garcia-French, Hordijk, Nguyen 2012, p. 25). Furthermore, Walmart has committed itself to three specific goals to be accomplished in the near future. â€Å"Using 100% renewable energy, creating zero waste and selling products that sustain people and the environment† (Torres, Garcia-French. Hordijk, Nguyen 2012, p.26). Similar to the Coca-Cola example discussed above, the holistic approach by Walmart highlights the importance of aligning its actions with stakeholders and with itsRead MoreIkea - Welcome Inside7046 Words   |  29 PagesFinancial Reporting and Management Accounting EMBA 105 Course-work: Financial Reporting and Management Accounting – IKEA Welcome inside Mr. I. Pasmatzis Paul V Grech Cohort 19, Romania April 2012 IKEA Executive Summary Accounting is divided into two distinct systems, financial accounting and management accounting. Both systems have been used to evaluate the accounting situation in IKEA. For comparison, the analysis for another two companies, Walmart and Stanley Furniture Company Inc

Fundamental Concept of Educational Planning free essay sample

Fundamental Concepts of Educational Planning 1. Why is there a need for educational planning? Educational Planning can be basis for evaluating/assessing performance of the educational system. It affects equity in the distribution and utilization of resources. Educational planning is an instrument for quality improvement. Through educational planning, a country can indicate the needed change, reform and innovation, and to maximize the use of limited resources. It brings about a well-balanced educational system and correlate education effort with national policy. It improves the effectiveness and efficiency in the delivery of educational services. There is a need for educational planning it is the instrument for providing needed coordination and direction of the different components of an educational system. It also answer that widely accepted long term goals such as universal primary education are approach objectively. It provides a realistic appraisal of the country’s resources which is important factor in the successful implementation of the plan 2. As a planner/administrator, how do you understand the term â€Å"educational development†? Suggest other facets of educational development. Educational development as a planner or administrators means expanding the facilities to match numbers with needs of the clientele; diversifying teaching – learning situations as well as their content to suit the varying demands of society; promoting lifelong learning through the provisions of education for all in-school and out-of-school youths and adults; and establishing an effective â€Å"challenge response† relationship between economic and social development, on one side and education on the other. 3. What do you think are necessary to bring about a feasible and workable educational development plan in your region/division/district/institution? An educational development plan claims to be designed to meet the unique educational needs of the learner. In all cases the educational development plan must be tailored to the individual students needs by the evaluation process, and must especially help teachers and related service providers understand the students learning process. 4. In your own area, what do you think is the ideal approach to be used as basis of your planning activity? Why? Foundation of Educational Planning 1. As an educational planner, why is there a need for basic knowledge and understanding of society? Having a basic knowledge and understanding of the society is considered to be essential because the planner should understand the impact of educational planning to the society. Plans may be very accurately drawn up but these may fail unless the necessary attitudes are acquired by the people to be trained. 2. Present a situation showing the impact of planning on society. Education planned for a free and compulsory education is the first level. Everybody within this age-group and level must be in school regardless of wether the parents would like them to remain at home to help in the household chore or help in augmenting family income. Although elementary education is compulsory, full implementation cannot be achieved because of limited resources. Educational planners bear a responsibility to ensure that the society eventually eccepts the change and gradually adjusts itself to the consequences of that change. 3. What are the principal cost elements of education? The principal cost elements of education the policy makers has to take up into consideration may be distinguished in three categories: investment in capital for example is the school building, Current cost for example the teacher’s salaries, the books and chalks, and the indirect cost. The latter could perhaps be explained in this example, generally when people are in school they do not participate in production. At this period, the country sacrifices what these people could have produced if they have been working instead of going to school. 4. What do you understand by education as consumption and as an investment? Give specific example. Education in economic analysis and policy plays a role both as consumption and as an investment. Education is consumption because it satisfies the needs and provides utilities. It also spends money for the school facilities, teachers’ salaries, books and other materials that cost so much money. It is an investment if it contributes to the economic growths in general and the increase of individual income in particular. 5. Why should an educational planner be conversant with the structure of the educational system? Every change in structure has immediate repercussions in the work of the educational planner. All his projections of enrolment, teacher needs and the like, his costing and financial statements have to be changed to match the new structure – hence, his need to be associated in all attempts of structural reform in a country. 6. How should educational planners respond to the challenges of population dynamics? Planners should consider on what strategies to adopt in accordance to the population which is constantly changing in number age and sex composition, and geographic distribution. Educational planning cannot be separated from the considerations about the dynamics of population growth and change. Educational planners should explore new avenue including major reforms of educational structure and contents. The response to population dynamics lies in innovation rather than expansion. The management of population is a vital to economic development which can be achieved by educational and economic measures. It is appropriate that planners know their role in population education. One of the most significant contributions of education to national development is to inculcate in our people the awareness of the vital and pressing need; to control population growth or decline and to manage population processes and to explain the national development is not exclusively economic development LESSON 3: Educational Planning Ate the National and Sub-national Level 1. Explain the relationship of the different levels of planning to the entire national development process. 2. How can planning on the national and sub-national levels solve the problems of our educational system? LESSON 4: Educational Planning at the Institutional Level 1. Why is the institutional planning important and necessary? Institutional planning is important and necessary because it’s the primary objective is to make the best utilization of existing resources and they emphasize human efforts rather than additional money investment. Education is essentially a stretch process whereby teachers and students stretch themselves and their resources to the utmost. 2. Formulate a skeletal framework of an institutional plan for school/institution in your locality.

Poetry Unchanging Love Essays - Love, Sonnet 116,

Poetry: Unchanging Love Love is a very powerful word. It is that feeling inside that warms every heart. It is what brings people closer together. It is what everyone is searching for. If this love is true, it will live on. William Shakespeare makes this very clear in his Sonnet 116. The physical body will decay, but as long as love is loyal and persevering, it will live on forever. To better understand the theme of the poem, I am going to explain it bit by bit. The seamark in line five serves as a guide to passing ships; love serves as a guide to people who are lucky enough to be in it. Loves not times fool, in line nine means that love is not fooled by time. Time will march on, things will change, but love stays the same. All of these principles tie into the theme that love is constant and unchanging. Movies seem to portray this theme very well. In City of Angels, Nicholas Cage has to make a decision. He can choose to stay as a death angel, and live that way forever or he can choose to become mortal, but never be able to become a real angel after death. He makes the ultimate sacrifice for love. He chooses to become mortal so that he can be with Meg Ryan. Their love is so strong, that he is willing to do anything for her. That is what love is all about. In the movie Ghost, Patrick Swayze is killed in a mugging. His girlfriend, crushed, does not know how she will be able to live without him. But because he loved her so much, he finds a way to contact her. He does this through Whoopi Goldberg. He wants her to know that even though he is not with her, he still loves her very deeply. This is a perfect example of unchanging love. This illustrates how love, if persevering, can live forever. This universal theme seems to repeat itself through all of time. From Romeo and Juliet, the star-crossed lovers, to Tim and Jill on Home Improvement, it is proven that love lives on. It has been established throughout time that love, when strong, can conquer all. Poetry Essays